Apparatus for producing x-ray kinematographic pictures.



J. ROSENTHAL. APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING X-RAY KINEMATOGRAPHIG PIGTURES.

APPLICATION FI LED DBO. 27, 1909.

Patented Apr. 22, 1913.

, 2 $HEETS--SKBET 1- i J. ROSENTHAL. APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING X-RAYKINEMATOGR APHIG PICTURES.

APPLICATION FILED 17110.27, 1909. l,059.488. Paten ed Apr. 22, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

oann 'nosnm'nan, or. MUNICH, (murmur.

unsu g ron rnonucmc X-RAY xmnmaroeaarmc rrcruans.

Specification 01: Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 22, 1913.

Application lied December 27, Serial No. 534,934.'

To all whom itma concern; I;

Be it known at I Josnr' Rosnn'rrmn, subject of the German lflmpe'ror,residin at- Munich, in the Kingdom ofBavaria, erman Empire, haveinvented certain new and useful Im rovements in Apparatus for Producing-Ra Kinematographic Pictures,

of which the ollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for the direct production of X-raykinematographic ictures.

. The principal object of the invention is to provide apparatus by meansof which-such picture's may be simply, quickly and cheaply 15 produced,employing therefor, plates or films which'are successively subjected tothe ac-, tionof tlielig'ht rays each plate or film being exposed for aproper period and after i such exposure being reuiovedfrom the actionofrthe rays. 5

In substance the; invention omprises an apparatus. forsuccessivelypresentmg films or plates'to the action of light rays and removing thesame from theiaction of such rays, means being alsoprovidedforgireventing any but thelioremost plate or lm of a series from beingexposed at any one time. Additional means'are also pr vi ed .forconveyipig the films or plates out of the range of the -rays andstacking thefsame in a suitable receptacle. Other'featuresandcombinations of elements included in the invention will be hereinaftermore fully referred to and specifically pointed out in the sub- 'joinedclaima' For the purpose of producing X-ray kinematographic pictures,plates or films of considerably greater dimensions or rather'ofmaterially greater bulk are needed than those usable for the ordinarykinematographic pictures, and hence the means employed tor theproduction of the latter I would not serve for producing the X-raypictures. In taking the ordinary kinematographic picture the size of theexposure does not generally exceed one half sq. 0111., whereas inproducing X-ray kinematogr'aphic pictures the exposed surface is atleast one hundred times greater. To adapt the means used in producingrdin'ary kinematographic pictur s, '2". e. perforating the film lengthlaterally c: centrally and using the ordinary tures, as, owin Maltesecross arrangement, would not be feasible for -.X-ray kinematographicpicto the maternally greater breadth and helght and the greater bulk ofrequired material, practical diificulty would be encountered in feedingthe single film length forward at sufiicient speed. and causing itsmomentary stoppageat the proper time, and in addition to make a lengthof 'fihn of such magnitude would 'be exceedingly difficult and costly.

Owing to the difiicul'ties attendant upon the use of a single film asabove pointed out, it is advisable in producing X-ray kinematographicpictures, to employ a plurality of plate holders, each adapted tocontain an individual plate or film of a size suited to the requirementsof the occasion. Such individual plates or films cannot,however, be usedfor taking X-ray kinematographic pictures in the same'way as they wouldbe used in an ordinary magazine camera, wherein they are placed. onebehind the other, the foremost one of the series being exposed andquickly removed and the succeeding plate treated in the same way. In theuse of X-' rays the treatment would not answer because of the fact thatthe rays would penetrate the first plate, and afiect one or more platesto the rear thereof. Y e y It is the purpose of my invention to pro.vide an apparatus by means of which X ray kinematographie pictures maybe pro duced by the employment of individual plates or films, each platebeing subjected to the X-rays a suitable length of time without anyother plate or film being prematurely affected by the rays.

In practising the invention I arrange a plurality of plates or filmsheld in the plate holders in a row and through the'action of springpressure or the like acting upon the row of plate holders, each plate orfilmis subjected to the action of the X-rays for the requisite period oftime. The row of plates is arranged in the exposure chamber, theforemost plate being exposed to"the action of the rays and quicklyremoved to make way for the next succeedingplate to be exposed. Theplates must be provided. Witlaj means for preventing the X-rays from;footing more than one (the foremostlfpiatc [ratus whereinelectromagnetic means are sively from the exposure chambers; Fig. 2 ishr the exposure chamber, and the best method of accomplishing thisresult is by placinga lead backing plate on each plate or plate holder.

In the accompanying drawing; whereinl have shown apparatus forpractising the invention herein referred to, Figure l is afrontelevational view of a form oi. appaemployed for actuating the mechanismdesigned to releasethe plate holders succesa-vertical sectional viewthereof; Fig. 3 is an elevational v ew looking toward the right handside'of Fig.1; Fig. dis a front elevational View, partly in section, ofthe means for supplying current'to the X-ray apparatus and to the meansfor actuating theplate releasing mechanism; Fig. 5 is a side eleva:

--tional view of a Wheel mounted on the shaft of theadevice of Fig. 4-;Figs ti and-'4' are fragmentary detail views, parts being shown r insection, of means employed to accelerate the descent-of a plate holderout of the ex posure chamber; Figs. 8 and 9 are fragmentary sectionalviews ofineans employed a-sliaft c, which may be actuated eithereleotrically or pneumatically, are tongues d against which pins 0provided on-the plate holders contact when these plate holders are fedforwardly under pressure of the spring .b. To cause the plate holders todescend the shaft c'is turned at a predetermined angle as indicated inFigs. 6 and Through pressure of the spring '5 the plate holdersarepressed forwardly. so. that the pins 6 on the foremost plate holderglide over the forward ends of the tongues cl. When the shaft isreversely rotated the tonguesd enter hetweenthe pins 6 of the foremostplate holders and the pins on its next succeeding plate holder, thusrestrain- 'ingz; forward movement of the second and succeeding plateholders.

While the pins 6! move rearwardly between the pins e on the first andsecond plate holders, the series ofplate holders abut and are pressedagainst "the front wall of the cas ing a. It is not possible for theforemost plate holder to descend until-those in the.

rear thereof are pressed haclrwardly thus relieving the spring pressureon the first plate holder.

notc es,

To convey the plate holders from the ex ,posure chamber to the receivingchamber 6,

I provide between the front wall-landlhe lateral walls l -of theconduit2 two. guides .Whichnear their lower ends are formed 'as curvedguiderails i, so that the pins '6 of tl'ie'descending plate holders firstpass downwardly between the guides 3 and are then deflected rearwardlyhymeans of the rails 4 until. the lower or rear edges of the plate holdershit against the wall 5 of the receiving receptacle'ti and then fall intothe latter. The receiving receptacle is preferably either separate fromthe remainderof the apparatus or connected thereto yieldingly so thatthe plate holders will. not he detrimentally affected by their impactagainst the Walls of the receptacle 6. v

. In the form ofinvention shown in Figs." 1 and 2 the shaft 0 is rockedby the following means z-The outwardly projecting end 7, of the shaftis, connected "by means of a lever'8 with the core 9 of a solenoid orelectromagnet 10, so that when closing the cirevil; for thecurrcnt which.also operates to press forward andadvance t/heplate holders. by drawingthe-core 9 into the solenoid or electromagnet, the lever B is actuatedto rock the shaft 0 to the right and when the circuit is opened the coredrops and the shaft is rocked in the opposite direction.

To enhance the speed of descent of the core 9 and the. return.o;t theshaft 0, I provide a retractile spring ll which permits a momentaryrelease of the foremost plate through the sudden pressing hack of thesubsequent plates by means of their pins 0.

Figs. t and 5 illustrate suitable device cuit which is utilized foractuating the shaft 0 as well as for producing the X-rays and of the,parts may be timed-as desired.

Mounted upon a sh'alitlQ driven by an for alternately closing andopening the cirthis device is 5 arranged that the operation" electricmotor 30 or the like are two wheels 13 and 14 the follies-of whichpresent alternately surfaces of conducting and non conducting material.Contacting witheach wheel are two spaced springs 15 and (glidingcontacts) the first spring on each wheel being electrically connectedwith the X-ray tubes and the'other springs beingelectrically connectedwith the solenoid or electromagnet 102' These circuits are only closedwhen their contacting brushes-orsprings 15 or lti contact with theconducting parts oflathe surface of the wheels 13 and 14;.

The angular arrangement of the conducting parts of the wheel surfacesissuch that during rotation ot'zthewheelsl3 and 14 the contact member 16contacts with the conducting material 17 only after the contact l5 hasleft the conducting material 18 on the seheel- 13; or difierentlyexpressed the circuit to the solenoid is closed when the circuit to theX-ray' tubes is opened.

To regulate at will the length of time that the current shall flowthrough the two circuits, ,or the period of time between closure of thecircuit to the X-ray tubes and to the apparatus for actuating the plateholders, I provide upon the current conducting surface of both Wheelfellies insulating strips displaceably arranged. in slots 1950 that agreater or less areaofthe conducting surface may. be covered with.insulating ma terial as shown in Fig. 5.

In both the foregoing'forms of invention the plate holders which carrythe plates fall out of the exposure chamber through their own weight(specific gravity) after the same have been released from springpressure by suitable means. Thedescent of the plate holders after theirreleasemay be accelerated by a suitable force acting in the nature of animpact, push, jerk, pull or the like. A-force of this kind may beproduced mechanically as by a weight or spring, elec-' trically orelectromagnet-ically, pneumatically, etc, and is caused to act againstthe plate holder, so that when the latter is re- Fig. 6 exemplifiesillustratively a working by impact which. is caused electrically, thisdevice being shown in combi nation with the form of invention shown'inFigs. 1 to 3', wherein the foremost plate holder is released through therocking of the shaft 0 provided with the tongues d,. the rocking of saidshaft being effected by the electromagnet 10.

As shown ,in Fig. 6 there is placedover the foremost plate holder in thecasing of the apparatus an electromagnet r the core 8 of. which projectsthrough a slot t of the casing and is adapted to impact against theplate holder and push it downwardly. The

' core a of the electromagnet is under influ once of an'extensibn springu and said core 1 s. is drawn upward against the tension of the spring awhen current traverses the windin of the electromagnet. When the flow 0current is interruptedthe core is forced downwardly through the;inflexing of -thespring and impacts against the edge of the plate holder(shown in the drawing at the moment of impact) thus accelerating thedescent of the plate holder at the moment the latter has been releasedby rocking of the shaft 0 and is in position to descend. flo

properly. time the impact, the current 111-.

terrupteris actuated by rocking ot' the shaft 0 at the moment in whichthe tongues (Z have pressedall but the foremost plate rearwardly andhave released the latter as shown in Figs. 6' and 7 there is provided onthe shaft 0, exterior-1y of the casing a, a pin 27 which is so arrangedthat at the proper time device it breaks contactv with a spring 28 whichis included in they circuit 28, 28 leading from the battery 28 waselectromagnet r, in this manner interrupting the flow of current to saidelectromagnetiand thus causing.

the core piece .9 to impact against the plate holder at the proper time.above, when the tonguesd move forwardly the next succeeding plateholderis advanced,

.the circuit to the electroinagnet is closed and the core .9 is drawninto the electromagnet.

I If, in the production of kinematographic X-ray pictures itis desiredto attain particularly sharp effects, it is advisable to press the plateduring the exposure between two plane surfaces the one turned towardThen, as stated the rays being permeable by X-rays, and

If the surfaces which overlie the plates.

are made of or are provided with a material which increases the effectof therays, i. e., a ma erial which. through the action of the raysradiates a kind of light to which the photographic film is especiallysensitive, or which in addition to the radiatio resulting from theoriginal exposure prodhcesyadditional radiation of the film, it ispossible by use of the expedient just described, in addi tion toincreasing the sharpness of effect, to shorten the time .of exposure andconsequently to take good pictures in poor light, which would beimpossible without such auxiliaries. purpose are prefer-ably those whichshow blue fluorescence through exposure, potassium platinum cyanogen forexample.

Fig. 9 shows an arrangement of-this kind wherein 2,9 designates a boardor carton coated 'with a suitable radiatiiig substance, 30 is the plateand 31' the lead shield or backing for the plate.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as'n'ew and desire tosecure by Let ters Patent is 1 1. In a device of the characterspecified, the combination ,with an exposure chamber adapted to containa stack oi plate holders each thereof being provided with laterallyprojecting pins, of a sha'i't in said chamber having a projecting tongueadapted to engage the pins on the plate holders, and means for rockingsaid shaft whereby the tongue thereon is alternately moved in oppositsdirections to release the foremost' plate holder from the stack.

2. In a device of the character specified,

the combination with an exposure chamber adapted to contain a stackotplateholdersf each thereof being provided w th a laterally Substancessuitable for such projecting pin at each of, its lower cornerar';

, ate to release the foremost plate holder from of a shait' in'saidchamber haying a projcotin tongneat each end, said tongues being aptedtoengage the pins on the plate holders, and means for rocking said shaftwhereby the tongues thereon move in one di reaction to free the foremostplate holderancl more in the opposite direction to coinpaotthe stack ofplates remaining in the exposure chamber:

.3. In a device of the character specified,

vthe combination with an exposure chaniber adapted to contain a stack ofplate holders oachthereof being provided with laterally projectingpins-of a shaft in. said chamber having-a projectin tongue adapted teengage the pins on tne plate holders, aplate receiving receptacle, meansfor reciting said shaft whereby the tongue thereon will operthe stack,and guides for clirectin the plate is so released from the exposureCHIIDlJGI to the receiving receptacle and laying the same fiat therein.

5. In a lvice of the character specified, the combination with anexposure chamber adapted, to contain a stack of plate holders eachthereof being provided with laterally projecting pins, of a shaftdn saidreceptacle having a projectingtongue adapted to engegevthe pins on theplate holders, a plate receivingreceptacle, means for rocking said shaftwhereby the tongue thereon will release theforemost plate holder fromthe stack and spaced curved guide rails upon which the pins of releasedplate holders are adapted to slide whereby said late holders are causedto fall flat into t e receiving receptacle.

(S. In a device of the the combination with? an exposure chamber adaptedto contain a-stack of plate holders each thereof ha ving laterally projecting pins, or" a sliaft in said chamber having a projccting tongueadapted to engage the pins on the plate holders, means for rocking saidshalt whereby the tongue thereon will-re le e-e the foremost plate.holder fromthe stack, and means adapted to accelcratethe' motion of thereleased plateholcler out of the exposure chamber.

character specified,

7. In a device of the character s )ecificd, the combination with anexposure chamber adapted to contains stack of plate holders each thereofhaving laterally projecting pins, of a shaft in said chamber. having aprojectingtongue adapted to engage the pins on the plate hol(lers,n'1cans for rocking said shaft whereby the tongue thereon willrelease'tlie foremost plate holder from the stack, means adapted toaccelerate the motion of the released plate holder out of the exposurechamber, and means-whereby said released plate holders will be guided.and laid flatas they pass from the exposure chamber. I T

'8. In a device of the character specified, the combination with anexposure chamber each thereof having laterally projecting pins, of ashaft in said chainher having a projecting" tongue, and an electromagnetoperatircly connected with said shaft and adapted to rock the samewhereby thetong'ue thereon will engage the pins on the foremost plateholder and-release the same from the stack. w i

' ,9.v In a device of the character specified, the COll'lblllZliIlOIlwith an exposure chamber adapted to contain-a stack of plate holderseach thereof having laterally projecting pins, of-a shaft in saidchamber having a plate holders, an electroniagnet operatively connectedwith said shaft, and. means for electromagnet andto the l-ray apparatuswhereby said shaft will, he rocked to release the. foremost plate,holder at such time the X-ray apparatus is inoperative, and said shaftwill remainstationary when are projected against the fin'einost plate inthe exposure chamber.

10. In a device of the character specified, the combination with anexposure chamber adapted to contain stack of plate holders each thereofhavin laterally projecting ing tongue, means for rocking said shaftwhereby the tongne thereon will engage the pins on the foremost plateholder and release the same-from thestaclz, and an electromagnetarranged in line with the fore nios't plate, the core of saidelectromagnet most plate holder and accelerate its motion in leaving theexposure chamber.

11. In a (lGYlCG of, the character described, the combination with anexposure chamber adapted to contain a stack of-plaic holders "eachthereof having laterally projecting pins, of a shaftin said chamberhaving a tongue adapted to engage the pins on said plate holders, meansforroclring said shaft and releasing the foremost plate holder fromadapted to contain a stack of plate holderstongue adapted to engage thepins on the alternately closing {ID-*QlfiCl'llC circuit to said v pins,of a shaft in said ell-amber having a pro ect being operable toimpact-against said tore the stack, means for impacting against the Intestimony whereof I have affixed my released plate holder to accelerateits 1110- signature in presence of two Witnesses.

ion in leaving the exposure chamber, and JOSEF ROSENTHAL. means wherebysaid impact will be timed to Witnesses: occur at the time the said,shaft has been LOUIS MUELLER, rocked to release said. plate holder.MATHILDE K. HELD.

